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Janszoon voyage of 1605-6
Willem Janszoon made the first recorded European landing on the Australian continent in 1606, sailing from Bantam, Java in the ''Duyfken''. As an employee of the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, VOC), Janszoon had been instructed to explore the coast of New Guinea in search of economic opportunities. He had originally arrived in Dutch East Indies from the Netherlands in 1598 and became an officer of the VOC on its establishment in 1602. In 1606, he sailed from Bantam to its south coast and continued down what he thought was a southern extension of New Guinea, but was in fact the western coast of the Cape York Peninsula of northern Queensland. He travelled south as far as Cape Keerweer, where he battled with the local aboriginal people and several of his men were killed. As a consequence he was obliged to retrace his route up the coast towards Cape York and then returned to Banda.
Janszoon failed to discover Torres Strait, which separates Australia and New Guinea. Unknown to the Dutch, the Spanish or Portuguese explorer Luis Váez de Torres, working for the Spanish Crown, sailed through the strait four months later, although Torres did not report seeing the coast of a major land mass to his south and is therefore presumed not to have seen Australia. As a result of these oversights, Dutch maps did not include the strait until after James Cook's 1770 passage through the Torres Strait, while early Spanish maps showed the coast of New Guinea correctly, but omitted Australia.
==Voyage==
Janszoon travelled to the Dutch East Indies in 1598 for the ''Oude compagnie'' and became an officer of the Dutch East India Company (' (VOC) in Dutch) when it was established in 1602. After two trips back to the Netherlands, he returned to the East Indies for the third time in 1603 as captain of all the ''Duyfken''. In 1605, he was at Banda in the Banda Islands, when—according to an account given to Abel Jansen Tasman, issued in Batavia in 29 January 1644—he was ordered by VOC President Jan Willemsz Verschoor to explore the coast of New Guinea. In September 1605, he left for Bantam in west Java—which the VOC had established as its first permanent trading in 1603—so that the ''Duyfken'' could be fitted out and supplied for its voyage. On 18 November 1605, the ''Duyfken'' sailed from Bantam to the coast of western New Guinea. Although all records of the voyage have been lost, Janszoon’s departure was reported by Captain John Saris. He recorded that on 18 November 1605"... a small Dutch pinnace departed here for the discovery of the land called New Guinea, which, it is said, may yield a great amount of wealth".〔This is a translation of: "The eighteenth, heere departed a small pinnasse of the Flemmings, for the discovery of the nand called Nova ginnea, which, as it is said, affordeth great store of Gold" (, cited in )〕
No original logs or charts of Janszoon's voyage have been located, but it is not known when or how they were lost. Nevertheless, a copy was apparently made in about 1670 from Janszoon’s map of his expedition, which was sold to the Austrian National Library in Vienna in 1737. It can be deduced from this map that Janszoon then sailed to Ambon (the headquarters of the VOC), Banda, the Kai Islands, the Aru Islands and Deyong Point on the coast of Papua. After exploring the coast of Papua the ''Duyfken'' rounded Vals Point and crossed the eastern end of the Arafura Sea—without seeing Torres Strait—into the Gulf of Carpentaria, and in late February or early March 1606 made landfall at a river on the western shore of Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, near the modern town of Weipa. Janszoon named the river ''R. met het Bosch'', but it is now known as the Pennefather River.〔James Hendersen, ''Sent Forth a Dove: Discovery of the Duyfken,'' Perth, University of WA Press, 1999, p.35.〕 This is the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent. He proceeded over Albatross Bay to Archer Bay, the confluence of the Archer and the Watson Rivers, which he named ''Dubbelde Rev'' (Dutch for double river) and then on to Dugally River, which he named the ''Visch'' (Dutch for fish).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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